硒(Se)是人和动物必需的微量元素。适量施用硒肥可促进作物生长、增强抗性、提高产量、改善品质。不同价态Se被广泛应用于减缓作物遭受各种胁迫损伤，增强作物抗性及光合能力等领域。在资源、环境、人口和农业可持续发展研究日益重要背景下，对Se肥改变作物生长发育、提高产量品质的研究将会不断增加。本文从外源Se在作物抵御生物胁迫与非生物胁迫、提高光合效率、促进营养物质摄取、提升产量品质方面发挥的作用，现有研究的不足和问题，以及对未来发展趋势的展望进行了综述，旨在为Se肥在农业研究及生产中的应用提供理论依据和参考。

Selenium(Se) is an essential trace element for humans and animals. The proper application of selenium fertilizer can promote the growth of crops, enhance the resistance, and increase the yield and improve the quality. Selenium of different valence states has been widely used in the fields of alleviating crop stress damage, enhancing crop resistance and photosynthetic capacity. In the context of the increasing importance of research on resources, environment, population and sustainable agriculture, the research on Se fertilizer to change crop growth and development and improve yield and quality will continue to increase. This paper reviews the role of exogenous Se in helping crops resist biotic and abiotic stresses, improving photosynthetic efficiency, promoting nutrient uptake, and enhancing yield and quality. It also discusses the shortcomings and issues in existing research and provides an outlook on future trends. The aim is to provide theoretical basis and reference for the application of Se fertilizer in agricultural research and production.

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2024年甘肃省重点人才项目(甘组通字〔2024〕4号)；国家自然科学基金(32460541)；甘肃省农业科学院科技创新专项(2022GAAS52)；国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14-1-05)；安宁区科技计划项目(2023-JB-8)；甘肃省重点研发计划-国合领域(24YFWA002)。